Culture
My unique Heritage Day
a month ago
South Africa is a rich and diverse land, with many cultures making up our beautiful rainbow nation. Heritage Day, commemorated on 24 September each year, is a perfect way to celebrate the wealth of customs and cultures of our people. Each year, South Africans from all walks of life enjoy the public holiday by dressing…
Culture
TikTok Love Tests: More Harmful Than Helpful?
4 months ago
Do you ever question if your partner truly loves you? In the past year or so, there has been a massive increase in TikTok trends that "pretend" to "test" a partner's devotion or the quality of a couple's relationship. Generally, TikTok relationship tests are done with their partner while making a video and posting the…
Culture
Content Copycat: The Culinary Clash Between Chefs Onezwa Mbola and Nara Smith
4 months ago
TikTok and Twitter have been burning for the last week or so with absolute drama, remarks, and FIRE because of South African Eastern Cape-based chef and content creator Onezwa Mbola and US-based chef, model and content creator Nara Smith. Smith is a Lesotho-German fashion model who was born in Bloemfontein. Both chefs have amassed sizable…
Did you know?
Get to know the duo behind Matric Live!
5 months ago
Matric Live, is the flagship product of SAADC (Pty)ltd, an EdTech-focused software startup founded by Lesego Finger and later joined by Kagisho Masae. The company is on a mission to level the playing field for under-resourced children in South Africa. Finger's inspiration for starting an EdTech company came when he finished his final (Matric) year…
Did you know?
Why we dream
a year ago
Have you ever woken up in the morning after the most perfect date night on top of the Eiffel Tower only to become disappointed to realize it was just another dream? Or perhaps you’ve experienced the reverse, waking up in the middle of the night with your heart thumping and sheets wet with sweat, only…
Did you know?
Did You Know? Jay-Z is Hip-Hop's first billionaire
a year ago
From a controversial past, to releasing multi-platinum albums, winning multiple awards and marrying Beyonce, Jay-Z can now add being a billionaire to his ever growing list of achievements. Shawn Corey Carter, known by his stage name ‘Jay-Z’ has officially become a billionaire, according to an article by Forbes magazine. Jay-Z grew up in the Marcy…
Digital Literacy
Turning Pages with Your Ears
a month ago
In recent years, the world of reading has changed. Where once physical books were the dominant medium, audiobooks are now rapidly becoming the go-to choice for many. This shift from the traditional to the auditory is more than a trend—it reflects our fast-paced, multitasking world. But what about audiobooks makes them so appealing, and could…
Digital Literacy
AI in Africa
a month ago
Artificial intelligence has grown immensely popular in the last few years, heralded as both the threat to our humanity and the answer to our most basic problems. But is it truly here to solve our issues, or is the hype clouding our judgement? Narratives surrounding this technology are threefold. Firstly, AI is posed as a…
Digital Literacy
Smart Clicks
7 months ago
I know what you’re thinking. “Here we go again, another post about not giving out my bank pin”. As someone who has navigated the internet since childhood, I understand how digital privacy can feel instinctive to us – the young digital natives. We know the drill: don't share personal info with unknown callers, guard your…
Foodie
From Bubble tea to Corn dogs
a year ago
Have you noticed how Korean culture is everywhere right now? From K-Pop to skincare, it seems like everyone is obsessed with all things Korean. So, I decided to jump on the bandwagon and try some popular Korean food to see if the hype is real. Now, let me tell you, Korean food is not for…
Foodie
Owami Mhlongo: Putting your heart on a plate
2 years ago
Twenty-year-old Owami Mhlongo grew up in Pinetown KZN. She describes her childhood as having been “rocky” and this resulted in her spending a lot of time with her aunt and grandmother. It is from here though that she traces her love of food.  Now a practitioner in a fine-dining establishment, her earliest food memories are…
Foodie
Some yummy chocolate facts
2 years ago
As a child growing up chocolate used to be such a luxury to taste or buy. The only time we could have it at my house was on the social grant day. My granny would wake up early to avoid the long lines and on her way back home she would buy the biggest chocolate…
Gents
The Gentleman's Renaissance
5 months ago
“gentleman” noun (pl. gentlemen) a man who is polite and well educated, who has excellent manners and always behaves well Thank you—you're a real gentleman. He's no gentleman!” Oxford dictionary What are the core qualities of a gentleman? A gentleman is respectful, he’s confident and embraces his imperfections. He carries a mindset of equality, he's…
Gents
Navigating Men's Body
a year ago
Hey guys, let's talk about the pressure to look good for men. We all know how it feels to scroll through social media and see images of guys with abs for days and chiselled biceps. But then, we're told that it's okay to have a #dadbod and not worry about our physique. So, what's the…
Gents
Breaking the Silence
2 years ago
The recent shooting of South African rapper AKA has spotlighted the pervasive levels of violence in the country, particularly towards young black men. The shooting dredged up memories of my experience with gun violence a few years ago. I remember feeling scared, confused, and powerless at that moment, and the emotions have stuck with me…
Gents
From Late Texts to Fatherhood
2 years ago
Safe sex is great sex, so better wear a latex if you don't want to get that late text, telling you, 'I'm late' text." Lil Wayne may have rapped these lyrics in his song Lollipop, but they hold more truth than some people realize. I didn't take this advice and received that dreaded late text…
Gents
Breaking the Mold: SA Men Redefine Masculinity and Challenge Gender Stereotypes
2 years ago
Have you ever stopped to think about how masculinity is portrayed in South African society? From TV shows to sports, we're bombarded with images of tough, dominant men who never show any weakness or vulnerability. This can lead to toxic masculinity. Toxic masculinity refers to harmful and limiting beliefs and behaviours associated with traditional societal…
Gents
Hood 007
2 years ago
For years James Bond fans have wanted a black James Bond, with many suggesting Idris Elba be given the role. I mean, it’s Idris – he has the charm, the charisma, and the voice to nail the famous “The name’s Bond, James Bond” line with ease.  I think I would play that role better than…
Gents
Let’s shake on it
2 years ago
I grew up with my grandma and she used different phrases from what I knew for everything. She used izihlonipho in isiXhosa – respectful, traditional phrases, not the more modern,  sometimes slangy ones I used. She called hands, “Izamkeli”, which loosely translates to gestures of welcome.  “Bamba indwendwe izamkeli Thandile,”  she would say. For my…
Gents
School of hard knocks
2 years ago
IKasi is said to have lazy youth, but I think the lack of job creation has more to do with it. Young people have shown time and time again that they aren’t lazy; they just need resources, role models and opportunities to lift themselves. This is something youth development activist, Mboneleli ‘Mbo’ Gqirana, can attest…
Gents
Puff N Pass, away?
2 years ago
“Baby, pass me the hookah!” This Young Thug lyric from 2014 is still very much doing the rounds today, as the hookah pipe sets Mzansi alight. The hookah pipe is a Persian invention from the 16th century. It made its debut in Southern Africa by the late 1900s, but it was only in the mid-2010s…
Gents
Podcasts and misogyny
2 years ago
A Twitter user, Flossyjay tweeted: “Why do men start podcasts instead of going to therapy?” I was confused about what the one has to do with the other. Until I went into the thread and really understood what prompted the question. Various women were talking about men who have started podcasts or are co-hosts and…
Gents
Hosting our girlfriends
2 years ago
Majita, I know we think that some women complain about almost everything about us. If you are on social media, then you should know the “indoda must…”, which is basically a way of some women trying to dictate to men how to act and behave. Often the things some women say we must have are…
Gents
Cleanliness is close to Godliness
3 years ago
Ola majita! It’s time to talk grooming and personal hygiene. Men are sometimes considered to have lower grooming and personal hygiene standards than women, oops – we’re taking Ls. An American Cleaning Institute study found that men are less likely to wash their hands after petting an animal, before and after handling food, and coughing…
Gents
“Men, You Are On Your Own”
3 years ago
WARNING: This piece refers to suicide. Emergency and counselling contact details are provided at the end of the article. The passing of rapper Riky Rick shocked many people, including me. I have been close to that edge a number of times and thought of jumping. I never did – but I understood him and other…
Gents
Abafowethu – Brotherhood
3 years ago
On the 12th of December 2021, my friends and I were involved in a traumatic event that involved shooting. Living in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, one of the most dangerous cities in the world, we hear gunshots every day from breakfast to supper. Even so, none of us, before that day, had ever been close to…
Gents
No call to Catcall
3 years ago
“Dudlu ntombazana andithuki wena ndithuk’uthando….” You’re 12 years old and seeing your uncle charismatically compliment a woman. You’re too young to notice she’s not genuinely smiling. Rather, she’s uncomfortable, because the continuation of that sentence was not a compliment, but him objectifying and sexualizing her. You’re too young to know this and he’s a skyscraper…
Gents
Men’s Conference
3 years ago
Valentine’s is around the corner and over the years how it’s celebrated has changed, but one thing remained constant – Valentine’s being celebrated by couples and spoiling each other with gifts as a show of their affection and appreciation. For years everyone thought everyone was happy, but contrary to popular belief many men weren’t happy.…
Gents
Ekasi: Men Don’t Cry
3 years ago
When I was a boy, I would come home crying and my uncles would ask me why I was crying. When I told them another boy had hit me, they would say, “Boys don’t cry. Go back and fight for yourself. Boys who cry are weak.” I grew up and became a man but my…
Gents
Amapiano: The Sounds of Ekasi
3 years ago
Ever since amapiano first broke into our mainstream music scene, the genre has found its way to every ekasi corner and it has even gained traction across the sea as well! Local event organisers know that the event is not lit enough if there is no amapiano DJ on the lineup! Amapiano songs have that…
Girl Talk
PATTY
2 months ago
Ek haal my sunglasses af om vesieke te maak ek sien reg. Daai's mos Patty wat soe innie vlak branders rol. Nogals in ‘n zebra print bikini. Ek dog sy’s 'n never-nude. Sy’s gewoonlik toegekap. Sy’s altyd gelayered met jerseys, jackets en doekies, even oppie waremste dae. Patty moet sieke my gaze gevoelet wan sy…
Girl Talk
Embracing the Cycle
2 months ago
The menstrual cycle (or period) is a beautiful stage of life that every woman experiences. It can be quite scary at first but you are not alone. I remember my first period. It was at the end of Grade 8. Early one morning at school I felt strange cramps in my stomach. I carried on…
Girl Talk
My Body, My Choice
2 months ago
An unplanned pregnancy can be very overwhelming, especially if you have no intention of keeping the pregnancy full-term. If you are afraid that you may be sitting with an unwanted pregnancy and in need of an abortion... Do not worry, you have come to the right place. This can be a scary time, you may…
Health
10 Things to Know About Your Vagina
3 months ago
When I was a toddler, we lived in a yellow painted house in Steenberg, Cape Town.We had a neighbour who was about my age, and he would come over to play. On one of these occasions, he uttered the inevitable toddler words: 'show me yours and I'll show you mine'. After a quick calculation of…
Health
The Gold Inside a Plant-based Diet
3 months ago
So what foods should we eat on a daily? Health nutritionist, wellness coach and Nurse, Kellie Bowman. The daughter of the late renowned herbalist Dr Sebi (the man who cured diseases by using plant based foods) carries on her father's legacy by educating people about the importance and health benefits of a plant-based diet. Through…
Health
From Pain to Peace: A Fibromyalgia Survivor's Guide to the Now Moment
5 months ago
When I was 30 years old, I felt like my life was just starting to thrive. I was happy in my career as a B.Ed. Foundation Phase Teacher. I am a mother of two wonderful children and have a loving husband. I had everything I ever dreamed about. Then, my doctor diagnosed me with Fibromyalgia.…
Health
Balancing Act
6 months ago
In an era obsessed with wellness, isn't it wild that chasing health can crank our stress levels? The wellness industry, booming with its promises of mental peace and physical health, sometimes overshadows the simple truth: striving for wellness should not cost us our peace of mind. This blog delves into stress in the wellness journey,…
Health
Caught Napping
8 months ago
In today's fast-paced world, where the pressure to constantly perform and produce never seems to let up, napping emerges not just as an act of self-care but as a powerful tool for mental and physical rejuvenation. Taking our cue from the Nap Ministry, founded by Tricia Hersey, this movement champions napping as a form of…
Health
Boost Your Wellness
10 months ago
Being healthy can be a challenge, but being unwell because of poor choices is even worse. Start 2024 off the right way and kick into gear. 2023 was a challenging year for many of us, but there’s no better time than now to leave the heartbreak and pain behind and start the new year in…
Health
Hung up on Hangovers
10 months ago
Waking up on the first day of the new year, I felt a sense of relief and clarity, having said goodbye to alcohol. But as I looked at my friends and down the street, I saw a different story. Eyes red and tired, everyone seemed to be showing off their hangovers like trophies. Why has…
Health
10 tips for Bouncing Back After the Holiday Feast
10 months ago
The holiday season's epic feasts have come and gone, leaving us with full hearts, even fuller stomachs, and maybe a bit of a food hangover. If you're looking to get back in the groove without the stress, here's your laid-back guide to bouncing back. 1. Stay Hydrated: Water is your lifeline after all the holiday…
How to
Write Right
2 months ago
Just under a year ago, my blogging journey with Fundza began - a journey that transformed my understanding of writing. Initially, I had a basic grasp of putting words together, but the art of crafting a compelling blog was still a mystery to me. Each day, I dedicated myself to refining my writing skills, diving…
How to
Immune-boosting natural remedies
a year ago
It has been cold, really cold, and now more than ever we experience symptoms of flu or the common cold. So, how do we combat them? Going to the doctor can be expensive and sitting for hours at the day hospital is no one’s idea of fun. If you are not seriously ill, and just…
How to
How to stand up for yourself
2 years ago
If you’re shy and timid, standing up for yourself can seem like something out of your comfort zone and may seem unfamiliar. However, in certain situations, if you don’t stand up for yourself, people can walk all over you. Being assertive, which is simply being more confident, and standing up for yourself may take time,…
Life Advice
Help me, I’m changing!
3 months ago
Puberty… What is it and why is it so confusing? You have probably heard your teachers or parents throw this word around so casually that it feels like a joke to them, therefore they do not have to take your feelings seriously. But the fact is, that’s not true. In easily understandable terms it is…
Life Advice
The Price of Silence - Why We Must Speak Against Human Trafficking
4 months ago
As Blue Campaign defines, human trafficking involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labour or commercial sex act. While traffickers might use different methods, the most noticeable methods to lure victims into trafficking situations are violence, manipulation, false promises of well-paying jobs and romantic relationships. Like many stories shared…
Life Advice
What Comic Characters Teach Us
a year ago
When I was just a young comic book enthusiast, I was captivated by the awe-inspiring heroes and their unwavering dedication to using their extraordinary powers for the greater good. Like Uncle Ben wisely told Peter, the iconic Spider-Man, "With great power comes great responsibility." Witnessing these heroes embrace their responsibility ignited a deep admiration within…
Mindspace
#BookTok Buzz
4 weeks ago
Have you heard of #BookTok? It is a sub-community within TikTok specifically for readers and book lovers. It features short videos in which users talk about their favourite books, recommend titles, authors, and genres, and theatrically make inside jokes about literature. Additionally, #Booktokers discuss recently released books and promote novels they've read and either really…
Mindspace
Beyond Words
a month ago
Over the past twenty years, social media's impact on society has increased noticeably. Social media has become an integral part of our lives, influencing how we communicate, consume information, and tell stories. For people of all ages, platforms like Instagram and TikTok, amongst others, aren't just for staying connected anymore; they are powerful tools for…
Mindspace
World Literacy Day
2 months ago
Every year on September 8th, the world comes together to celebrate World Literacy Day, a tradition that started way back in 1967. But why is literacy—just being able to read and write—such a big deal? If you're reading this right now, you’re one of the lucky few in South Africa who can. Our country’s literacy…
Mindspace
Journaling your Journey
2 months ago
We are constantly bombarded with information, expectations, and challenges that can overwhelm us. Amidst the chaos, one simple yet powerful tool is often overlooked: journaling. This age-old practice of putting pen to paper can be a sanctuary for the mind, offering numerous mental health benefits. Writing about your feelings can bring clarity and perspective. When…
Mindspace
Thuto ya Basha le bokamoso ba kontinente ya Aforika
3 months ago
Ka kakaretso, mosola wa thuto ke go ruta batho gore ba kgone go nagana ka mokgwa o o tla ba kgontshang go lebana le go samagana le seemo sa loago, bobakapuso le ikonomi jalo jalo. Thuto eno e tshwanetse go ba letla gore ba kgone go lemoga mathata a a leng gone, go a tsharolola…
Mindspace
The Quarter Life Crisis
3 months ago
A quarter-life crisis is a period of significant doubt, anxiety, and uncertainty that typically occurs in a person's mid-20s to early 30s. Usually brought on by comparing oneself to other peers, internal pressure, transition and change, social media and fear of failure. With my 25th birthday just four months away, the pressure of societal expectations…
Mindspace
Making Every Day a Mandela Day
3 months ago
I'm sure you know the importance of the 18th of July. We celebrate this day to honour the life and legacy of Nelson Mandela, one of our former and most valued presidents. Nelson Mandela spent 67 years fighting for our rights and the eradication of apartheid. Symbolically, we take 67 minutes on Mandela Day to…
Mindspace
Charity is Good for the Soul
3 months ago
Mandela Day is that time of the year where we reflect on one of the deepest forms of kindness we can engage in: charity. In a world dominated by hustle culture, where people are encouraged to make decisions by self-interest, charity remains a powerful way to align with the legacy of Nelson Mandela, whose life…
Mindspace
The Dolls are Dolling
4 months ago
I stopped playing with dolls when I turned 18 years old. I know, you probably think that's pretty old to have still had toys. Many people, my friends and family, teased me for being an adult who played with toys. I didn't want to, but I gave my dolls away because adults don't play with…
Mindspace
Well-Being is Not a Trend
4 months ago
We frequently hear, "What's the latest well-being trend?" The 'trend' definition of well-being implies a temporary movement that may wander due to external causes or swing along an uneven route. Well-being is feeling positive emotions like happiness and contentment, developing one's potential, having some control over one's life, having a sense of purpose in life,…
Mindspace
Half and Half: Rethinking the 50/50 Relationship Rule
4 months ago
The 50/50 concept means that romantic partners split rent, expenses, and obligations equally. Although this is the first consensus, people have different opinions about how a partnership should look. Some believe that males should pay the rent and most of the bills while women should do the housekeeping. The 50/50 divided relationship conversation is one…
Mindspace
Freezing the Future
5 months ago
I was out last week for dinner, and during an intimate conversation about our lives and families, my friend asked, “Have you ever thought about IVF and freezing your eggs?” To which I responded, “I’ve never thought that far. I know about In vitro fertilisation (IVF), but I don’t know it like that.” According to…
Mindspace
“Mjolo” shouldn’t hurt
5 months ago
It’s 2024 and relationships are more complicated than ever before. If you have ever heard the colloquial phrase, ‘Eish, mjolo, hey,’ or ‘Mjolo is not for the weak’, then you know the sting of having survived a terrible connection. “Mjolo” is a South African slang term referring to dating. While relationships are a minefield, immoral…
Mindspace
What to do when you're feeling so low you can't get out of bed
5 months ago
Every morning, we each have our unique way of getting out of bed. But sometimes, you might find it tough to get up because of things happening in your life. Feeling a bit down now and then is normal. But when it starts happening a lot and makes you not want to get out of…
Mindspace
You’re not too old or too fat
5 months ago
“You need to obtain your degree by 22 if you have any hope of a long career in corporate.” “If you’re not married by 25, you can forget about having kids in your lifetime.” “You used to be so skinny when you were younger, what happened?” If you’ve heard any of the above statements, you…
Mindspace
Unplugging for Sanity
7 months ago
"May you live in interesting times”: a blessing or a curse? The age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is upon us, and never has a phrase crossed my mind so often as this one does today. In today’s technologically driven world, I often find stepping back and observing my place difficult. Never before have I…
Mindspace
Let them
7 months ago
Living up to societal expectations can leave one feeling lost and overwhelmed. The 'Let Them' theory, popularised by Mel Robbins, frees an individual from the anxiety of other people's opinions. It inspires people to live true to who they are, express themselves freely, and establish clear limits. This approach suggests letting people have their views…
Mindspace
A Peaceful Farewell
8 months ago
"Two things are inevitable in this life: taxes and death." This quip, often shared with a mix of humour and resignation, underscores a truth we all face. Alua Arthur, a death doula, pushes this conversation further into the light. Through her work, including her widely acclaimed TED Talk, Arthur directly addresses the inevitability of death,…
Money Matters
How to Start Your Start Up
a month ago
What is a startup? According to investopedia, a startup is defined as a company in its early stages of operations. Founded by entrepreneurs who want to develop a product or service they believe is in-demand and hopefully underserved. What does it do? Basically it's a new company working to solve a pain problem or do…
Money Matters
Job-hunting is whack
6 months ago
“We regret to inform you that you have not obtained this job.” “We will keep your résumé on file should a similar position open up.” “Thank you for taking the time to apply, but we will not be moving forward with you for the recruitment of this job.” If you have received any of the…
Money Matters
350 Degrees or R350: The Heat is On in South Africa
7 months ago
In an intriguing twist of fate, the question of "350ºF or R350" slices through two vastly different worlds - the kitchen and the economic reality of young South Africans. On the one hand, the culinary advice from a 2015 article, “What’s so special about 350 degrees Fahrenheit (350ºF)?” reveals that while baking at 350ºF is…
People on the move
Curator Phokeng Setai
a year ago
Phokeng is a name to be reckoned with in the art world in South Africa. Hailing from Bloemfontein and at 31 years old, he is a curator in Cape Town and has worked at Zeitz MOCAA, the world-famous art museum in Cape Town. His work is multi-disciplinary, as he recently completed his PhD in Anthropology…
People on the move
Get gaming with Tshepiso
a year ago
Meet Tshepiso Malema, the visionary entrepreneur on a mission to close the technology gap for young people in townships, all through the enchantment of gaming. It all started when he first laid his hands on an Xbox at a friend's place. "I was whisked away to different worlds. Gaming showed me that it can transport…
People on the move
Get to Know Yandisa Peko, Astrophysicist
a year ago
Get ready to swoon over Yandisa Peko, who set Twitter on fire with her jaw-dropping graduation photo and an oh-so-cool caption that read, "UCT Astrophysics and Science Space graduate." We may not all be astrophysicists, but one thing is crystal clear: this field demands some serious brainpower, especially when it comes to subjects like math…
People on the move
Dorcas Emelia – Fashion Designer
a year ago
Dorcas Emelia, 24, is a fashion designer who was born in Congo but moved to Cape Town, South Africa in her teens. She graduated from fashion design school, Elizabeth Galloway Academy of Fashion Design. Dorcas has launched three collections, including knitwear which is her specialisation, and has her own online store, Emelia D.  Fundza had…
People on the move
Dapper Shooz - Utlwanang Mmeti
a year ago
Meet Utlwanang Mmeti, an awesome 18 year old who kicked off his own sneaker brand called Dapper Shooz in August 2022. Born and raised in Luka, Utlwanang finished high school last year with flying colours. Instead of rushing into a post-school institution, he made the bold choice to take a gap year and put all…
People on the move
Get to know Mr Technology
a year ago
Thembelani Zondo, known affectionately as Mr Technology, is a remarkable self-taught robotics inventor who is making waves with his innovative creations. Despite facing challenges, such as leaving school in grade 11, Thembelani's God-given talent and unwavering determination have propelled him forward. Located in KZN Bergville, Woodford, he dreams of becoming a qualified engineer and establishing…
People on the move
Chase’s Creativity
a year ago
We have the incredible honour of chatting with the talented Chase Rhys, a dynamic individual breaking barriers in the world of literature and storytelling. At just 30 years old, Chase has already made waves as a novelist, scriptwriter, and playwright. But what makes Chase truly unique is their unwavering commitment to self-expression, choosing the pronoun…
People on the move
Celiwe Shivambu: Climate Justice Activist
a year ago
Meet Celiwe Shivambu, a fierce and passionate climate justice activist. At the young age of 23, Celiwe is already making waves in the fight for a more sustainable and equitable future for the youth of her country. As the Project Lead of the South African Youth Climate Action Plan (SAYCAP), she has been at the…
People on the move
Godiragetse Mogajane: The young entrepreneur serious about impact
a year ago
Entrepreneurship is about tackling challenges head-on, and that's something Godiragetse Mogajane knows a thing or two about. He's the mastermind behind two thriving businesses that address real-world problems. With Delivery ka Speed, he’s revolutionizing food delivery in townships by catering to a market that is overlooked by bigger players such as Uber Eats and Mr…
People on the move
Getting to know Nomzamo
a year ago
Nomzamo Portia Ntombela is a PhD Candidate in Sociology at Stellenbosch University from Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal. She was also the first black woman student body President at Stellenbosch University in 2017 and continues to be involved in student organising efforts. She holds an MA in African history from Michigan State University, Hons in Social Anthropology…
People on the move
Shaping South African Hip-hop Sound
2 years ago
From the bustling streets of Johannesburg to the vibrant townships of Cape Town, hip-hop has become a platform for the people, a voice that addresses social issues and empowers those who have been silenced for too long. Hip-hop in South Africa is more than just music; it's a way of life, a culture that has…
People on the move
Meet Cyril Zuma
2 years ago
Cyril Zuma is a famous South African photographer known for his recognisable brand, including commercial and lifestyle photography. He's also an entrepreneur and the founder of  Colour Space. Zuma's interest in photography began during childhood, thanks to his mother, who frequently bought him Kodak cameras. After quitting his job to pursue photography full-time six years…
People on the move
Lovelyn Nwadeyi - Trailblazing Activist
2 years ago
In this interview, trailblazing South African-Nigerian activist Lovelyn Nwadeyi answers questions about what it means to live out social justice through her work and ethos. Touching on themes of reconciliation, feminism, and what we can do in small ways to make significant changes. Lovelyn Nwadeyi is a young, vibrant Nigerian-South African woman from Queenstown in…
People on the move
My Digital Career, Jasper Zee
2 years ago
With the emergence of TikTok and Instagram Reels, digital media careers have become bigger, and an integral part of keeping us entertained. We talked to digital content creator, actor and model, Azukiwe Gwentshe, better known as Jasper Zee. Who is Jasper? Jasper is the one and only Zee to the Zay Zay. Jasper is a…
People on the move
Getting to Know Writer and Poet Busisiwe Mahlangu (Award-winning South African Poet)
2 years ago
Hailing from Mamelodi, Pretoria, 27-year-old Busisiwe Mahlangu has made her mark in the world with the power of her words. Her work is hard-hitting and raw, holding space for conversations around poverty, mental health, education, violence, and healing. Busisiwe won the Tshwane Speak Out Loud Youth Poetry Competition 2016/2017 and the National Library of South…
People on the move
Bridney Noby Cloete
2 years ago
Meet the inspiring and driven Bridney Noby Cloete, a 22-year-old from the Northern Cape who opened her own salon – Namatjent Studio – and who makes her own hair products. Tell us what Namatjent Naturals is. Namatjent Naturals is a natural beauty product brand. We released our first product in March – a hair-growth oil.…
People on the move
Thabo Batshe - Diabetes Warrior
2 years ago
World Diabetes Day is commemorated on the 14th of November. We spoke to Thabo Batshe, who has Type-1 diabetes, to find out how he manages this chronic disease. Who is Thabo Batshe?  I am a literary activist who drives social cohesion in Kimberley by fighting illiteracy. I host monthly library pop-ups through Eyethu Pop-up Library…
People on the move
Kemi Balogun – award winning author and academic
2 years ago
Kemi Balugon in an award-winning author and academic of Nigerian descent, who grew up in the United States. She is co-editor of the book Africa Every Day: Fun, Leisure, and Expressive Culture on the Continent, which we will review separately in a Did You Know later this month. But first, let’s get to know her…
Politics
Miss SA 2024 and the Xenophobia Storm
3 months ago
Welcome to yet another episode of South Africans being Xenophobic. Surprise surprise. This time, the spotlight is on Chidimma Adetshina, a withdrawn finalist for Miss South Africa 2024, who became the target of xenophobic attacks due to her Nigerian heritage. Oh, South Africans, what will I do with you? Xenophobia, defined as the "dislike of…
Politics
Women’s Day- More Than Just a Public Holiday
3 months ago
Women’s Day in our country is the commemoration of the women who marched to the Union Buildings in protest against the extension of Pass Laws to women on 9 August 1956. Sixty-eight years later and their works have been reduced to passing mentions in speeches and an Instagram post if they’re lucky. Worst still, the…
Politics
We Are Dying Here eKapa
3 months ago
The life of a child is cheap in South Africa, and in the Western Cape it means almost nothing. This year alone, 79 children have already been shot dead, and the count continues. Gangsterism and its effects are not new in Cape Town and so you might be thinking, ‘we already know about this’. A…
Snapshots
My matric ball
a year ago
The matric dance was a chance for me to make beautiful memories. It's something I will take with me to University or College. It's something I can use to remember my friends, my classmates and my school. At first I was really nervous when I thought about the matric ball. I've never worn a formal…
Snapshots
Tiktok slang for 2023
2 years ago
What makes TikTok aka the clock app unique? It has to be the sense of familiarity as it recognises the smallest of things that we do daily, from skincare to chores or even mannerisms.  TikTok can be both general, but can also be quite niche, which helps people not feel like outsiders or weird for…
Snapshots
Is flirting cheating?
2 years ago
Imagine being on Instagram and seeing a certain post that your partner liked and commented on. The comment is something along the lines of  ‘Beautiful (heart emoji)’. You confront your partner and they don't see anything wrong with what they did, to them it was just harmless flirting with a friend. Was it harmless flirting…
Student Life
Stress, Sleep, Study
a year ago
As a student and a full-time employee, I know firsthand how difficult it can be to balance the demands of school, work, and personal life. Sometimes I feel like I'm drowning in deadlines and responsibilities, and it can be hard to find the time to just breathe and relax. But I've learned that with some…
Student Life
Tips for Crushing Your University Applications!
a year ago
Are you ready to kickstart your journey towards higher education and crush your university applications? Whether you're the first in your family to consider university or seek guidance, fear not because we've got you covered. In this article, we'll dive into all the practical tips and resources you need to prepare for university applications like…
Student Life
Unleash the fun: Holiday Activities To Make the Most of Your Time Off School!
2 years ago
It's that time of the year again - school holidays are finally here! It's the perfect time to take a well-deserved break from studying and focus on exploring new interests and learning new things. School holidays are an excellent opportunity to recharge, bond with friends and family, and engage in activities that promote personal growth…
Student Life
The High Cost of Higher Education: Exploring the Student Debt Crisis in SA
2 years ago
On the 1st of March 2023, the students' representative council (SRC) at the University of Witwatersrand (Wits) announced a campus shutdown to protest against financial exclusion and ongoing housing issues, and it is still ongoing. As a former Wits student, I could not help but think back to the 2015 #FeesMustFall protest movement that I…
Student Life
The Matric Bucket List
2 years ago
Matric is the last year of school; after going to school for 12 years, it feels like your entire life. Matric year is as much a year of hardcore exams determining your future as it is a year of closing a chapter. Making memories during this time is essential because you will never get that…
Student Life
Can you balance successful studies and self-care?
2 years ago
Most of us know how stressful studies can be. We have assignments due, tests that has to be studied for, group work, etc. All of these things pile up, and we end up losing ourselves in the process at times.  One way to combat all the stress and burnout is to really focus on self-care,…
Student Life
Back to school: Tips to ace the new school year
2 years ago
Now that Christmas has come and gone, we turn our attention to the new school year. The new school year almost always evokes a mixture of excitement and anxiety. We are excited to take on new challenges in a new grade. Still, at the same time, our anxiety kicks in because we have a new…
Student Life
Live your best life in res
2 years ago
For some students, a really big step when starting at university is deciding whether you will be staying in residence. For others who come from another province or country, there is no other option but to move out of the family home for the duration of their studies. Either way, living away from home propels…
Student Life
Fitting in and hanging out in high school
2 years ago
Wanting to fit in makes you human; as much as people preach that we should embrace our uniqueness, it’s hard when we live in environments that tend to exclude you for being unique. High school is one of those environments. You are surrounded by cliques that form because of the rampant desire to fit in.…
Student Life
Matric Ball
3 years ago
One thing that I always looked forward to and dreaded at the same time was my matric ball. I looked forward to it because it was the only time that you’d really get dressed up, besides your wedding – if you’re into that. I dreaded it because I was incredibly shy and knew that all…
Student Life
Email etiquette 101
3 years ago
One of the things we begin to understand as a student is professional etiquette. This prepares us for the world of work and covers various imperatives – from what we wear to the way we communicate. Email forms part of work communication, and while it might seem a relatively unimportant component, believe me when I…
Student Life
Creating relationships in university
3 years ago
So you’ve gotten into varsity, you’ve figured out your mode of transport or you’re finally in residence. You’re settled; but only you’re not. Now it’s time to build relationships; time to create new friendships. I mean you’ll be in university for the next three or four years and doing it solo won’t be any fun.…
Student Life
The undocumented matriculant
3 years ago
Born and raised in the Mother City, Zoleka* has never thought that she would one day have to prove her South African citizenship, or face being restricted from writing her matric exams. Zoleka’s parents are both South African, but problems began when her mother didn’t register her birth and receive a birth certificate for her…
Student Life
Travelling Tales – Public Transport
3 years ago
When I came to further my studies in Cape Town I had no idea of the culture shock I was going to experience when it comes to transportation. The first shock was the taxi system. Back in East London we didn’t necessarily have a taxi rank. To catch a taxi there, you use signs to…
Student Life
University vs Gap Year
3 years ago
For some people, they already know in high school what career they’d like to have someday, but if like me, you were or are a bit confused then this article is for you. After school I’ll be the first to admit that I was so confused about my future and what I wanted to do;…
Student Life
The Wait: Matric Results
3 years ago
Matric year is probably one of the most stressful times of any student’s life. It’s a make or break moment because after 12 years of school all your hard will either come into fruition or fall at your feet. From writing the final exams in December to waiting for the final results that come out…
Student Life
December Holiday Break
3 years ago
It’s that time of year, holiday break. I bet you’re excited and can’t wait to kick back and chill. Well that’s how I always felt when the university or school year was over; pure bliss. The holidays are a time for many things and opportunity for many too. Some students go back home if they…
Student Life
Student Life – Applying for funding
3 years ago
So you’ve made it into university or college; you’re so excited and can’t wait to get started, however it hits you how will you pay your university tuition. I know it seems like everyone always says there are so many bursaries out there and there really is, you just have to know where to look…
Style Secrets
Skin Cycling
a year ago
In the vast world of beauty and skincare trends, a recent buzz has been around skin cycling. Popularised by dermatologist Dr Whitney Bowe on TikTok, this nighttime skincare routine focuses on using fewer products in a specific way to achieve healthier-looking skin. Let's delve into the routine and explore what experts have to say about…
Style Secrets
Having your best Glow up
a year ago
Have you ever experienced a glow-up? You know, that amazing process of positive personal transformation that involves changes to your appearance and style and even boosts your confidence? It's all about embracing who you are, making healthy changes physically and mentally, and being happy in your own skin. I had the chance to chat with…
Style Secrets
Thrifting or Vintage Shopping?
2 years ago
As a teen or young adult, you might be wondering how you can make a positive impact on the environment while still enjoying fashion. The good news is that there is a growing trend of thrifting and vintage shopping in South Africa that allows you to do just that! One of the biggest benefits of…
Word Of the Week
New year, new me
2 years ago
So it’s that time of the year again. You know, the time when you hear many people say, “New year, me.” It is very common to start a new year's resolution on this day. This can be to give something up, like sweets or chocolate, so you can be healthier. Example scenarios: “This year is…
Word Of the Week
Ukwaluka
2 years ago
It's that time of the year when boys become men, this traditionally happened between the ages of 16 and 26, though for health and safety concerns the South African government made it illegal for a boy under the age of 18 to go to initiations school. The ceremony is when mothers can show off their…
Word Of the Week
Slay, not sleigh
2 years ago
I’m sure you’ve heard or even read in the comment section on social media when girls or women praise each other by saying, “Slay, queen!” According to Dictionary.com slay, in this particular context, means, “to do something spectacularly well,” especially when it comes to fashion, artistic performance, or self-confidence.” Example scenarios: When your bestie posts…
Work-Wise
Her Name is Mbali Nhlapho, and She’s a Housekeeper
5 months ago
With her sweet catchphrase, “My name is Mbali Nhlapho, and I’m a housekeeper”, captivating audiences, the charismatic 40-year-old uses TikTok and other online networks to share cleaning tips with audiences. In her videos, Mbali often uses everyday household products, such as vinegar, lemons, toothpaste, and bicarbonate of soda, to remove stains, get rid of bugs,…
Work-Wise
Work Etiquette
a year ago
Starting a new job can be stressful, and once you’ve gone through the interview process, things can seem a little bit easier. But you should be mindful of how you conduct yourself at work. There are some things that may not be wise to share at work, there are some things that may not be…
Work-Wise
Young and Unemployed
a year ago
In the challenging landscape of youth unemployment, Tasneem Eckardt, a 23-year-old from Mitchell's Plain, finds herself among the countless young individuals grappling with the daunting task of securing employment, particularly with no prior work experience fresh out of high school. According to the latest data from StatsSA's Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) for the first…
Work-Wise
YES for Youth Employment
a year ago
Youth unemployment is at an all-time high, with 62,1% of the youth unemployed in South Africa. To help address this issue, the Youth Employment Service (YES), also known as Yes4Youth, was established in 2018 and has created over 107 355 jobs. YES is an non-profit organisation funded by the private sector. The YES programme aims…
Work-Wise
Student creates job-seeking app
2 years ago
Looking for a job has never been easier in today’s age of technology, but finding a job is becoming increasingly difficult. A report by StatsSA stated,  “According to the Quarterly Labour Force Survey for the first quarter of 2022, the unemployment rate was 63,9% for those aged 15-24 and 42,1% for those aged 25-34 years,…
Work-Wise
How to teach English in Korea: A guide for South Africans
2 years ago
Have a student loan? Need to find a job using your degree? Dream of traveling? Teaching English in South Korea suits all three.  South Korea (AKA: The Republic of Korea) is a small East Asian country with a population size similar to South Africa, even though its geographic size is closer to KwaZulu-Natal. Since the…
Work-Wise
Workplace 101: The importance of a strong work ethic
2 years ago
For some of us, 2023 is the year we begin our journey into the working world. Whether part-time or permanent, a packer or cashier, a call centre agent, in-service training, or your first job post-graduation, all these roles have something in common: employers require a committed, trustworthy employee with a strong work ethic. But what…
Work-Wise
Career Spotlight: Coding
2 years ago
Have you ever wondered how our phones or computer work, or even how to build an app? The technology behind is called coding (developing) and it’s a computer language. According to Computer Science Degree Hub, “Coding is basically the computer language used to develop apps, websites, and software. Without it, we’d have none of the…
Work-Wise
Job hunting: red and green flags
2 years ago
You finally get an interview for a job. You’re excited and nervous – a little bit all over the show. You know you can’t mess this up, so you dig deep and go all out to prepare. Here are some red and green flags to look out for when looking for a job: Red flags…
Work-Wise
To be a mentee
2 years ago
"Indlela ibuzwa kwabaphambili" is an isiXhosa proverb I grew up hearing. Loosely translated, it means "we ask for directions from the people in front"; that is, we ask for knowledge from those who know and have walked that journey before us. That is essentially what the practice of mentorship is: inspiring, teaching and guiding from…
Work-Wise
Must-haves when looking for a job
2 years ago
So, we all know the basics to have when looking and applying for a job right? CV and cover letter? But what about the process of applying. It used to be common practice to print out your CV and hand it to the recruiter, but these days everything is digital. We search up online, we…
Work-Wise
Work it!
2 years ago
There is something about being exposed to the real world – the real world of work, specifically – that helps young adults morph from the young to the adult part of that phrase. As an educator at a technical institution of learning, which sent their learners off for a period of in-service training/internship – before…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming an Accountant
3 years ago
Are you a person who enjoys being organised and pays attention to detail? Are numbers also your thing? Do you find that you’re not so interested in abstract algebraic numbers, but you enjoy the structured approach of numbers when working out your finances? If this sounds like you, have you thought about becoming an accountant?…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming a Data Analyst
3 years ago
Are you the kind of person who enjoys solving puzzles or digging into a mystery? Do you also enjoy working with numbers and on computers? Do you think you would be able to explain the story of your discovery to others through charts and graphs? If this sounds like it’s something you are comfortable doing,…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming a Web Developer
3 years ago
Have you spent any time working on computer coding or using computer programmes? Are you creative, flexible, curious, and happy to upskill yourself on new digital technology? At the same time, do you think you are a problem-solver with plenty of discipline to work on your own and have good communication skills? If this sounds…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming an Architect
3 years ago
Are you a creative person who likes thinking independently? Do you find that you have an interest in functional form, be it buildings or any other types of design? Maths may not be your best subject, but you can work through things in order to achieve your goals. On top of that, do you like…
Work-Wise
Interview with Chemical Analyst Simanye Sam
3 years ago
Tamica Mopp caught up with Simanye Sam to find out more about his work as a chemical analyst and researcher. What is one thing people would be surprised to know about you? I’m not really a nerd. When you’re doing chemistry, people tend to automatically think of you as introverted or a nerd. But I…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming a Chemical Analyst
3 years ago
Have you thought about working in a laboratory? Are you logical and enjoy solving complex problems? If you’re the kind of person who enjoys working in a thorough way through problems and you’re interested in researching the structure and composition of matter, then a career as a Chemical Analyst may well be a good option…
Work-Wise
Interview with Civil Engineer Owen Mwaura
3 years ago
Amber Solomons interviewed civil engineer, Owen Mwaura, to find out why he decided to make this his career, what he enjoys about working in this field, and his advice to anyone wanting to study for a career in civil engineering. Why did you decide to study civil engineering? I think in my case it was…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming a Civil Engineer
3 years ago
Do you enjoy solving problems and have a natural ability with maths and physical science? Have you thought about becoming an engineer? Are you confused about all the different types of engineers? You know you have good technical skills but you really aren’t clear about which area you should focus on? There are a number…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming a Digital Designer
3 years ago
Are you creative and enjoy drawing or designing things? Or are you someone who spends time on the computer and enjoys online graphics? Have you thought about becoming a digital designer? You will combine your computer skills with your artistic side and create online designs and graphics in this line of work. South Africa has…
Work-Wise
Interview with nurse Noncedo Mxutu
3 years ago
As a nurse, Noncedo Mxutu is one of South Africa’s courageous frontline workers. She, like many other nurses, was fearful at first of the risk and challenges of the pandemic, as she says, “I’ve learnt that being a nurse is way more than caring for someone else but being a hero risking your life to…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Our Nursing Heroes
3 years ago
Have you ever been worried about your health or the health of someone close to you? Or, are you someone who wants to help others when they are struggling? Nurses have always played a critical role in our society. Without them our hospitals and clinics would cease to function as they are our primary health-care…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming an Agriculturalist
4 years ago
Do you like the rural life? Are you interested in farming? The agricultural sector is growing and changing in South Africa and there is a great need for qualified young people in this field. In fact becoming a farm manager is listed as one of South Africa’s critical skills. What is agriculture? If you gain…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Going Green as a Geo-hydrologist
4 years ago
Are you interested in the environment? Do you care about our water supply; is there enough for everyone, how clean is it etc.? Would you like to be working outside for some of your working day? Have you thought about becoming a geo-hydrologist? This is another job that is critically needed in South Africa and,…
Work-Wise
Critical skills: Becoming a quantity surveyor
4 years ago
Do you enjoy working with numbers? Do you pay close attention to detail? Do you enjoy negotiating and analysing and solving problems? Are you good at meeting deadlines? Perhaps you have what it takes to be a quantity surveyor (QS)! What does a quantity surveyor do? Quantity surveyors are called on to work alongside architects,…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: All the way up to an FET Principal
4 years ago
Do you love learning and people? Do you thrive on challenges and have leadership skills? Are you organised and a good communicator? It might seem a far-off goal but South Africa does have a shortage of skilled leaders, especially at FET colleges. Have you ever thought about setting yourself an ambitious target for your future…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: Becoming a Medical Doctor
4 years ago
Have you dreamed about becoming a medical doctor? Do you love science and care about the well-being of people? Or are you more interested in the money and status that come with being a doctor? Do you know how long it takes to become a practising doctor? Is it something you have a passion for?…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: 'Yes, Chef!'
4 years ago
Do you like food? Or, more importantly, do you enjoy working with food? Do you prepare meals for your family and think of yourself as a cook? Have you thought about working in a kitchen as a chef? Do you know the difference between a good cook and a chef? One of the skilled jobs…
Work-Wise
Critical Skills: What are they and why are they relevant?
4 years ago
How tough is the work situation at the moment? So many people are struggling to find a job and it seems as if there are very few job opportunities out there. And, yes, to a large extent this is true. But have you thought about the fact that many people are competing for the same…
Work-Wise
The professional advantage
4 years ago
How to conduct yourself at work After being unemployed for quite some time, you have finally got the job. Congratulations! However, that’s just the beginning… Now you need to focus on behaving professionally. Just being in the job isn’t enough. You need to behave in a way that your boss and your team members see…
Work-Wise
Workwise: Keep motivated while unemployed
4 years ago
South Africa has a high unemployment rate which impacts all its citizens. Searching for a job takes its toll – especially if you’ve been looking for months or years and are still unemployed. Many lose motivation and along with it, their drive to be productive. Are you feeling demotivated? Here are a few pointers you…
Work-Wise
Dealing with online job interviews
4 years ago
Your revamped CV and cover letter caught someone’s eye? Great! You’ve got an interview! The catch is that you’re not being invited to an office, you’re going to be doing it via Zoom or another video conferencing platform. Video interviews are now an important part of today's recruitment process and the Covid-19 pandemic has increased…
Work-Wise
Writing a Great Cover Letter
4 years ago
You’re almost there! After weeks of heavy job searching, you’re almost there! You’ve perfected your resume (CV). But then, before you can send your application and call it a day, you remember that the job advert requires a cover letter. Now you’re stuck wondering how to write a cover letter? Your cover letter is a…
Work-Wise
Write a Winning CV
4 years ago
How to write a winning CV Your Curriculum Vitae or CV is the first engagement that the employer has with you, so make sure you sell yourself. Your CV should be neat and professional. Describe where you've worked, where you went to school and your skills and qualifications. Your CV must be targeted to appeal…
Work-Wise
Workwise: Building Employability
4 years ago
Have you thought about the factors that affect your ability to get a job? Is the reason you can’t find work just because you have too little experience or is it all based on qualifications? Let’s have a look at what affects your ability to find employment. Numerous factors can affect work-seekers' chances of getting…
Work-Wise
Workwise: How to identify scams online
4 years ago
Before Covid-19, work-seekers would spend money on transport and printing to drop off CVs in person. In the new world of work, looking for jobs online is safer, cheaper and easier. However, searching for jobs online can have its pitfalls. As a jobseeker you should be aware of the dangers and keep safe to avoid…
Work-Wise
Workwise: Online Work-Seeking Tips
4 years ago
How much have you adapted your approach to finding work? The Covid-19 lockdown has highlighted alternative ways for jobseekers to access opportunities and increase their chances of employment. Traditionally, most of us have relied on job ads from multiple media channels, or physically dropping off CVs. But now, the internet has become a hub for…
Work-Wise
WorkWise - Hustling: The new best idea
4 years ago
So, many people are looking for work but we know that jobs are scarce. In fact, we know that South Africa shed 2.2 million jobs during the second quarter (April to June) of 2020. The youth unemployment situation is considered a crisis by the government. So where does that leave you? Does it mean that…
Work-Wise
Workwise: Networking
4 years ago
Did you know that the majority of job seekers in South Africa spend on average up to R938 per month looking for a job? This Youth Month FunDza has partnered with MoveUp to help you get ahead and save on CV costs by creating a free CV on their site AND stand a chance to…
Work-Wise
Workwise: Finding Appropriate Jobs Online
4 years ago
How difficult are jobs to come by at the moment? If you’ve been looking for a job, you’ll know that they are like hen’s teeth! (BTW: hens don’t have teeth!) It has become incredibly hard to find one, especially after the coronavirus pandemic and the subsequent lockdown effectively shutting down our economy for months. So…
Work-Wise
Workwise: WeThinkCode Interview
4 years ago
Coding: A way into the digital world Have you thought about getting involved in coding? Perhaps it’s not something that came up at school so you don’t know much about it? How do you prepare yourself for the type of jobs that are now available? Things have changed dramatically in the last couple of decades.…
Work-Wise
Harambee's help for jobseekers
4 years ago
Are you feeling stuck about how to go about looking for work? There are so few jobs out there and you just don’t know where to start? What action can you take to help yourself during this difficult time when face-to face communication is so limited? I had the opportunity to chat to Nokubonga who…